The red balls on Belsect's back are actually the spores of its metallic mushroom. People and Pokémon frequently mistake them for gemstones, but if they are grabbed they will find that they are soft and sticky.
Belsect attaches gemstones, mainly rubies, to the rock on its back. These gems are absorbed into Belsect, increasing its psychic power. The gems also scare off predators, who mistake the gems for Belsect's eyes.
Belsect are known to infest the roots of large trees en masse and drain nutrients. When Belsect gather in a swarm, they move in perfect unison as if they were but one Pokémon.